1. Air pollution and climate change
Harmful carbon gases are increasing in the atmosphere and in sea waters. Therefore, it is undoubtedly a good thing that the atmosphere and seawater remain warm, without which our earth would be frozen, but the amount of carbon gases due to mineral fuels, deforestation for agriculture and industrial activities, which for two hundred years Earlier it was 280 ppm (parts per million), now it has increased to 400 ppm and is also the cause of countless deaths.
Solution: Use renewable sources of energy instead of fossil fuels. Reforestation. Reduction of emissions of harmful gases in agricultural processes and changes in industrial activities.
2. Deforestation
Species-rich tropical forests are being cleared to make way for land for agriculture or livestock. Today, 30% of the Earth is covered by forests, whose important function is to absorb carbon gases. Eighteen million acres of forests are cut down every year.
Solution: Conservation of existing natural forests and cultivation of forests consisting of native trees of each region. The problem is that the forests are mostly in poor countries, where the population is growing, and there is mismanagement and nepotism.
3. Endangered species
Whether on land or sea, humans are overhunting a variety of animals and fish species to such an extent that the survival of many species is threatened.
Solution: Conservation of biodiversity should be ensured. Illegal hunting and wildlife trade should be banned. Local populations should be involved so that they also get the social and economic benefits of wildlife conservation.
4. Decreasing fertility of agricultural land
Overgrazing, new methods of cultivation, or cultivation of the same crops: According to the United Nations, the fertility of twelve million hectares of agricultural land is being damaged in various ways.
Solution: Planting seeds without plowing or crop rotation: There are innovative ways to restore soil fertility.
5. Growing population
At the beginning of the 20th century, the human population was 1.6 billion, today it is 7.5 billion, and by 2050 it will be ten billion. The pressure on human resources is increasing.
Solution: Women's education and access to better facilities so that they can make their own reproductive decisions. (Courtesy of Doucheville)